Stainless Steel – Properties, Grades & Manufacturing
All you need to know about Stainless Steel to explore our casting technologies below. Our company covers a wide range of casting technologies, from traditional sand casting to high-precision investment casting and sand casting solutions.
What is Stainless Steel
Generally, when the chromium cotent is increased to 10% in an iron/chromium alloy, the material will be classified as a stainless steel.
There are more than 200 different grades of stainless steel. but there are five families of stainless steel:
Austenitic Stainless Steel: are most widely used; no magnetic or light magnetic. Compared to carbon steel, they have higher coefficients of thermal expansion and lower thermal conductivities
Ferritic Stainless Steel: it’s iron-chromium alloys with 11% -30% Cr; magnetic steel, they exhibit
excellent resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking.
Duplex Stainless Steel: combine some of th ebest features of austenitic and teh ferritic grade, it has excellent chloride stress coorosion cracking resistance. its comprised of approximately 50% ferrite and 50% austenite. Duplex stainless steel names often reflect their chemical composition or are proprietary designations
Martensitic Stainless Steel: straight chromium grades with relatively high levels of carbon. The martensitic grades can be strengthened by heat treatment. To achieve the best combination of strength, corrosion resistance, ductility, and impact toughness, they are tempered in the range of 300 to 700°F (150 to 370°C).
Precipitation-hardening Stainless Steel: it can be strengthened by a relatively low-temperature heat treatment. They can be heat-treated to strengths greater than can the martensitic grades.
Casting Methods for Stainless Steel
Different casting methods are selected based on part size, weight, tolerance and production volume.
Not Sure Which Casting Process Fits Your Project?
The process for Stainless Steel parts will be chosen by steel grade, especially the carton content. As a professional supplier in the metal casting industry, we have over 15 years of experience in OEM manufacturing. Our engineers will recommend the most suitable process, material, and cost solution within 24–48 hours.
Key Properties of Stainless Steel
Popular Stainless Steel Grade Comparison
Most stainless steel casting grades comparison across international standards including GB, ASTM, DIN, JIS, and ISO.
| Index | China | Japanese | USA | Russia | Germany | Italy | France | England | India | Spanish | Mexico | Australia | Sweden | Bulgaria | Taiwan | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (GB) | (JIS) | ASTM | UNS | (TOCT) | DIN | W-Nr. | (UNI) | (NF) | (BS) | (IS) | (UNE) | (DGN) | (AS) | (SS14) | (BDS) | (CNS) | |
| 1 | ZG1Cr13 | SCS1 | CA-15 | J91150 | 15X13Л | G-X7Cr13 G-X10Cr13 | 1.4001 1.4006 | GX12Cr13 | Z12C13M | 410C21 | — | — | — | H3A | 2302 | 1Ch13 | SCS1 |
| 2 | ZG2Cr13 | SCS2 | CA-40 | J91153 | 20X13Л | G-X20Cr14 | 1.4027 | GX30Cr13 | Z20C13M | 420C29 | 7typel | — | CA-40 | — | — | — | SCS2 |
| 3 | ZG1Cr17 | ∽SCS24 | — | — | 12X17 | ∽X8Cr18 | 1.4015 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ∽SCS24 |
| 4 | ZGCr28 | — | — | — | — | G-X70Cr29 G-X120Cr29 | 1.4085 1.4086 | — | Z130C29M | 452C11 | — | — | — | — | 2320 | — | — |
| 5 | ZG00Cr18Ni10 | SCS19 | CF-3 | J92500 | 03X18H11 | G-X2CrNi18 9 | 1.4306 | GX2CrNi19 10 | Z2CN18.10M | 304C12 | — | AM-X2CrNi19 10 | — | — | — | 000Ch18N11 | SCS19 |
| 6 | ZG0Cr18Ni9 | SCS13 | CF-8 | J92600 | 07X18H9Л | G-X6CrNi18 9 | 1.4308 | — | Z6CN18.10M Z6CN19.9M | 304C15 | — | AM-X7CrNi20 10 | CF-8 | H5A | 2352 | 0Ch18N9L | SCS13 |
| 7 | ZG1Cr18Ni9 | SCS12 SCS13A | — | — | 10X18H9Л | G-X10CrNi18 8 | 1.4312 | — | Z10CN18.9M | 302C25 | — | — | — | — | 2333 | — | SCS12 SCS13A |
| 8 | ZG0Cr18Ni9Ti | SCS21 | CF-8C | J92710 | 08X18H9T | G-X5CrNiNb18 9 | 1.4552 | — | Z4CNNb19.10M | 347C17 | — | AM-X7CrNi20 10 | CF-8C | — | — | 0Ch18N9L | SCS21 |
| 9 | ZG1Cr18Ni9Ti | — | — | — | 12X18H9T | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 10 | ZG0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti | — | CF-8M | J92900 | — | — | — | GX6GrNiMo20 11 | — | — | — | AM-X7CrNiMo20 10 | CF-8M | H6C | — | 0Ch18N10M2L | — |
| 11 | ZG1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti | SCS22 | — | — | — | G-X5CrNiMoNb18 10 | 1.4581 | — | Z4CNDNb18.12-M | 318C18 | — | — | — | — | 2343 | — | SCS22 |
| 12 | — | SCS14 | CN-7M | J95150 | — | G-X12Cr14 | 1.4008 | — | Z12CN13-M | 316C16 | — | — | CN-7M | — | — | — | SCS14 |
| 13 | — | SCS5 SCS6 | — | — | — | G-X5CrNi13 4 | 1.4313 | — | Z4CND13.4-M | 425C11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | SCS5 SCS6 |
| 14 | — | — | CF-3 CF-3M | J92700 J92800 | — | G-X2CrNiMo18 10 | 1.4404 | GX2CrNi19 10 | Z2CND18.12-M Z3CND19.10-M | — | — | AM-X2CrNiMo19 11 | CF-3M | — | 2385 | 000Ch17N14M2 | — |
| 15 | — | — | CA-15 | J91150 | — | G-X5NiCrMo13 4 | 1.4407 | GX12Cr13 | Z6CND13.04-M | 405C29 | — | — | — | — | 2348 | — | — |
| 16 | — | — | — | J92810 | — | G-X6CrNiMo18 12 | 1.4437 | — | Z4CND19.13-M | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 17 | — | — | CG-8M | J93000 | — | G-X6CrNiMo17 13 | 1.4448 | GX6CrNiMo20 11 03 | — | 317C16 | — | AM-X7CrNiMo20 11 | CG-8M | H6A | 2353 | — | — |
| 18 | — | SCS14A | — | — | — | G-X10CrNiMo18 8 | 1.441 | — | Z5CND20.10-M | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | SCS14A |
| 19 | ZG5Cr25Ni2 | SCH2 | HC | J92605 | — | G-X40CrNi24 5 G-X40CrNiSi27 4 | 1.4822 1.4823 | GX35Cr28 | — | 452C11 | — | AM-X40Cr28 | HC | — | — | 4Ch26SL | SCH2 |
| 20 | ZG3Cr18Ni25Si2 | SCH19 | HN | J94213 | — | — | — | — | — | 3X18H25C2 | 11 | — | HN | — | — | — | SCH19 |
| 21 | ZG1Cr25Ni20Si2 | SCH21 | HK-30 | J94203 | 15X23H18Л | G-X15CrNiSi25 20 | 1.484 | GX40CrNi26 20 | — | — | 10 | AM-X40CrNi25 20 | — | — | — | — | SCH21 |
| 22 | ZG4Cr25Ni20Si2 | SCH22 | HK HK-40 | J94224 J94204 | — | G-X40CrNiSi25 20 | 1.4848 | GX40CrNi26 20 | — | 310C40 310C45 | 11 | AM-X40CrNi25 20 | HK | H8E2 | — | — | SCH22 |
| 23 | — | SCH13A SCH17 | HH | J93503 | 40X24H12CЛ | G-X40CrNiSi25 21 | 1.4837 | GX35CrNi25 12 | — | 309C30 | 7tgpel | — | HH | H8B | — | — | SCH13A SCH17 |
| 24 | ZG4Cr25Ni35Si2 | SCH24 | HP | J95705 | — | G-X45CrNiSi35 25 | 1.4857 | GX50NiCr35 25 | — | — | — | — | HP | — | — | — | SCH24 |
| 25 | — | SCH16 SCH15 | HT | J94605 | — | G-X40CrNiSi38 18 | 1.4865 | GX50NiCr39 19 | — | — | 12 | — | — | — | — | — | SCH16 SCH15 |
| 26 | — | SCH1 SCH3 | CA-40 | J91153 | — | G-X40Cr13 | 1.4034 | GX35Cr13 | Z30C13-M Z28C13-M | — | — | — | — | — | 2183 | — | SCH1 SCH3 |
Stainless Steel Grade Details
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Stainless Steel GX40CrSi28 (EN1.4776)/GX40CrSi29
Heat resistant stainless steel GX40CrSi28 (EN 1.4776) in EN 10295; GX40CrSi29 in DIN 17465
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Stainless Steel GX12Cr12 (EN 1.4011)
Matensitic stainless steel GX12Cr12 (EN 1.4011) in EN 10283 and ISO 11972
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Stainless Steel GX2CrNiMo19-11-2 (EN 1.4409)
Stainless steel GX2CrNiMo19-11-2 (EN 1.4409) in EN 10213, EN 10283 and ISO 11972; G-X2CrNiMo18-10 (1.4404) in DIN 17445
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Stainless Steel GX5CrNiMo19-11-2 (EN 1.4408)
GX5CrNiMo19-11-2 (EN 1.4408) in EN 10213, EN 10283, DIN 17445 and ISO 11972
Stainless Steel Application
- Austtenitic Stainless Steel
- Ferritic Stainless Steel
- Martensitic Stainless Steel
- Duplex Stainless Steel
- Precipitation-hardening stainless steels
- Window/door frames.
- Roofiing and guttering.
- chemical plant and tanks.
- domestic hot water piping
- food/kitchen usage , spoons, forks, knife.
- Marine fittings, anchor.
- Fasteners, rivets, locking. shafts.
Ferritic stainless steel is mainly used in automotive exhaust systems (mufflers and piping), kitchenware and catering equipment, household appliance components (such as washing machine drums and microwave oven cavities), architectural decoration, water heaters, and chemical heat exchangers, moldings and trim, gas and electric cookers, fasteners, heat reistant parts.
It is mainly used in the manufacturing of cutting tools, bearings, gears, shafts, fasteners, medical devices, tableware, valves, pump components, and aerospace engine parts—applications in machinery manufacturing and heavy industry that must withstand high loads and corrosive environments.Structural components. Tools. High temperature turbine parts. Flat and coil springs. Scales, rulers, knives, spatulas. Kitchen tools and appliances where high strength and hardness are required with moderate corrosion resistance. Surgical and dental instruments. Record player spindles. Fasteners.
Oil and gas industry: Used in offshore platforms, heat exchangers, fire protection systems, and oil and gas pipelines.
Chemical processing industry: Used in pressure vessels, storage tanks, industrial piping, and chemical transport vessels.
Pulp and paper industry: Used in digesters, bleaching equipment, filters, and storage tanks.
Environmental protection and wastewater treatment: Its high corrosion resistance makes it suitable for wastewater treatment systems.
Seawater desalination: Used in evaporators operating in highly corrosive environments.
Structural and engineering applications: Bridges, railings, and fasteners used in high-chloride environments.
Aerospace and space industry: Used in aircraft landing gear, engine components, fuselage structural parts, and fasteners, where high temperature resistance and high strength are required.
Oil and gas industry: Used for valves, pump shafts, mechanical seals, pressure vessels, and fasteners on offshore drilling platforms, taking advantage of its excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
Nuclear and power generation industry: Used in nuclear reactor components, turbine blades, and critical structural parts.
Medical devices: Used in surgical instruments and medical device components due to its high strength and good corrosion resistance.
Pulp and chemical industries: Used in pumps, valves, and agitators handling corrosive media such as chlorides.
Some castings with Carbon Steel Material:
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Stainless Steel Casting-Pump Housing
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Stainless Steel Casting-Cap
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Austenitic Stainless Steel Casting
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304 Stainless Steel Casting
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Pump Cover for Vacuum Pumps
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Stainless Steel Pump Head
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