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July 30, 2010

Grey Cast Iron Property and Chemistry in GB/T9439

Grey Cast Iron (Gray iron castings) is so called because of the color of the fracture face. It contains 1.5-4.3% carbon and 0.3-5% silicon plus manganese, sulfur and phosphorus. It is brittle with low tensile strength, but is easy to cast.

The all data in this documents is referred to Chinese standard of GB/T 9439-1988. Qingdao Casting Quality write all materials from handbook.

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  • Cylinder block by Rapid Prototyping Casting
  • wrought Iron Fence Fittings, cast iron fence
  • Differential Mechanism Castings
  • ductile iron Gate Valve Body

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  1. Sand Casting

    Casting Quality focus on Metal Parts industry, we provide professional service in Metal Casting field.

    Sand Casting is a popular metal form method, are suitable for all materiel, such as grey iron, ductile iron, malleable iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum and bronze.

  2. Investment Casting

    also named as precision lost wax casting, mainly suitalbe for carbon steel and stainless steel parts. We also provide grey iron and ductile iron and aluminum and bronze parts by investment casting. It can achieve the best appearance with good tolerance

  3. Shell Casting

    Shell casting method is a good option to replace investment casting and sand casting. the quality is better than sand casting parts, suitable for bulk production.

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Grey Cast Iron Property

Single Casting Specimen Tensile Strength Property for grey cast iron

Gray Iron GradeSingle Specimen

Tensile Strength
σb≥/Mpa

Gray iron Castings
Wall Thickness
/mm		Tensile Strength
σb≥/Mpa
HT100100>2.5~10
>10~20
>20~30
>30~40		130
100
90
80
HT150150>2.5~10
>10~20
>20~30
>30~40		175
145
130
120
HT200200>2.5~10
>10~20
>20~30
>30~40		220
195
170
160
HT250250>4.0~10
>10~20
>20~30
>30~50		270
240
220
200
HT300300>10~20
>20~30
>30~50		290
250
230
HT350350>10~20
>20~30
>30~50		340
290
260

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Castings Attached Specimen Tensile Strength Property

Gray Iron GradeWall Thickness
/mm		Tensile Strength σb≥/MpaTensile Strength (reference)

σb≥/Mpa

Attached Test CouponAttached Test Block
φ30mmφ50mmR15mmR25mm
HT150>20~40
>40~80
>80~150
>150~300		130
115
–
–		–
(115)
105
100		120
110
–
–		–
–
100
90		120
105
90
80
HT200>20~40
>40~80
>80~150
>150~300		180
160
–
–		–
(155)
145
135		170
150
–
–		–
–
140
130		165
145
130
120
HT250>20~40
>40~80
>80~150
>150~300		220
200
–
–		–
(190)
180
165		(210)
190
–
–		–
–
170
160		205
180
165
150
HT300>20~40
>40~80
>80~150
>150~300		260
235
–
–		–
(230)
210
195		(250)
225
–
–		–
–
200
185		245
215
195
180
HT350>20~40
>40~80
>80~150
>150~300		300
270
–
–		–
(265)
240
215		(290)
260
–
–		–
–
230
210		285
255
225
205

Grey Iron Castings’ other  mechanical property

GradeCompressive Strength
σbc/MPa		Shearing Strength
τb/Mpa		Impact Testing
αKV/(J/cm2)		Safe Range of stress
σ-1/MPa		Modulus of Elasticity
Ε/GPa
HT150500~700150~250–60~9070~90
HT200600~800200~3002~580~9080~110
HT250800~1000250~3504~8100~140100~130
HT3001000~1200300~4507~10120~160120~140
HT3501100~1300350~5009~11140~180130~160

Grey Iron Castings Hardness

Gray Iron GradeHardness GradeHardness Range
HBS		Metallography
HT100H145≤170Ferrite
HT150H175150~200Ferrite + Pearlite
HT200H195170~220Pearlite
HT250H215190~240Pearlite
HT300H235210~260Pearlite(Inoculated Cast Iron)
HT350H255230~280Pearlite(Inoculated Cast Iron)

Gray Iron Casting heat treatment

Casting Unit Weight
kg		Starting Temperature
/οC		Heating Speed
/(οC/h)		Preservation Temperature/οCHeat Preservation Time
/h		Cooling Speed
/(οC/h)		Final Temperature
/οC
Cast IronLow Alloy Cast Iron
Simple Castings
<200≤200≤100500~550550~5704~630200
200~2500≤200≤80500~550550~5706~830200
>2500≤200≤60500~550550~570830200
Precision Castings
<200≤200≤100500~550550~5704~620200
200~2500≤200≤80500~550550~5706~820200

Gray Iron Casting, no any standard mentioned the chemistry composition, so we only suggest the following chemistry based on actual production.

 

GradeWall Thickness
/mm		CSiMnP
≤		S
≤
HT100–3.4~3.92.1~2.60.5~0.80.30.15
HT150<30
30~50
>50		3.3~3.5
3.2~3.5
3.2~3.5		2.0~2.4
1.9~2.3
1.8~2.2		0.5~0.8
0.5~0.8
0.6~0.9		0.2
0.2
0.2		0.12
0.12
0.12
HT200<30
30~50
>50		3.2~3.5
3.1~3.4
3.0~3.3		1.6~2.0
1.5~1.8
1.4~1.6		1.7~0.9
0.8~1.0
0.8~1.0		0.15
0.15
0.15		0.12
0.12
0.12
HT250<30
30~50
>50		3.0~3.3
2.9~3.2
2.8~3.1		1.4~1.7
1.3~1.6
1.2~1.5		0.8~1.0
0.9~1.1
1.0~1.2		0.15
0.15
0.15		0.12
0.12
0.12
HT300<30
30~50
>50		2.9~3.2
2.9~3.2
2.8~3.1		1.4~1.7
1.2~1.5
1.1~1.4		0.8~1.0
0.9~1.1
1.0~1.2		0.15
0.15
0.15		0.10
0.10
0.10

Grey Cast Iron Compare

IndexCountryGrey Iron Grade
1China—HT350HT300HT250HT200HT150HT100
2Japanese—FC350FC300FC250FC200FC150FC100
3USANO.60NO.50NO.45NO.35/ NO.40NO.30NO.25NO.20
4RussiaCЧ40CЧ35CЧ30CЧ24/CЧ25CЧ18/CЧ20/CЧ21CЧ15CЧ10
5GermanyGG40GG35GG30GG25GG20GG15GG10
6Italy—G35G30G25G20G15G10
7FranceFGL400FGL350FGL300FGL250FGL200FGL150—
8England400350300260180/220150100
9PolandZ140Z135Z130Z125Z120Z115—
10IndiaFG400FG350FG300FG260FG200FG150—
11RomaniaFC400FC350FC300FC250FC200FC150—
12Spanish—FG35FG30FG25FG20FG15—
13BelgiumFGG40FGG35FGG30FGG25FGG20FGG15FGG10
14AustraliaT400T350T300T260T220T150—
15SwedenO140O135O130O125O120O115O110
16HungaryOV40OV35OV30OV25OV20OV15—
17Bulgaria—Vch35Vch30Vch25Vch20Vch15—
18ISO—350300250200150100
19COPANTFG400FG350FG300FG250FG200FG150FG100
20Taiwan(China)——FC300FC250FC200FC150FC100
21Holland—GG35GG30GG25GG20GG15—
22LuxemburgFGG40FGG35FGG30FGG25FGG20FGG15—
23Austria—GG35GG30GG25GG20GG15—
24Europa-NormEN-GJL-350EN-GJL-300EN-GJL-250EN-GJL-200EN-GJL-150

Grey Iron Castings

Flanged Track Wheels Roller, Sand casting with CNC machining
Flanged Track Wheels

Cast Iron Wheels was made by sand casting process, it’s also named as guide rollers or Track casters for railway, Flanged Track Wheels, Flange Track Roller,Industrial Track wheels,Steel Rail Wheels.

Ductile Iron Spindle Housing Casting
Ductile Iron Spindle Housing

Spindle Housing for Shaft or Stem or bearing by Sand Casting. the Material can be: Ductile Iron Casting GGG40, GGG50,GGG60,GGG70, GGG80

Cast Iron Cylinder
Cast Iron Cylinder Liner Sleeves

Casting Method: Sand Casting or Centrifugal Casting Precision Machining: Lathe turning and grinding. Material: Grey Iron HT250; GG20; FC25 Cylinder liner is a central working part

Pump Spare Parts- Guiding Device
Guiding Device-Pump Spare Parts

Sand Casting process with CNC machining; Cast grey iron ( gray iron)  HT200/GG20/GG25  material; Pump Guiding Device Fittings with static balance, Paint protected

Cast Iron Pump Impeller with Machining
Pump Impeller

Cast Iron Impeller castings for water pumps. The mainly material is cast gray iron GG20/HT200/HT300. Sand casting method with CNC machining and static balance.

Malleable Iron Nipple

Malleable iron fittings, nipple， mateiral is malleable iron 300-6. Black surface or hot dipped surface(white). Sand Casting , hot dipped with thread Machining. Standard: EN 10242, DIN 2950

Grey Cast Iron

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